The first ionization enthalpy of 15 th group elements is higher than 16 th group elements?Īns. There is a considerable increase in size from N to P as expected but due to the presence of completely filled d-orbitals which have very poor shielding effects, the increase in size is very little from As to Bi. The atomic radii increases considerably from N to P but very little increase is observed from As to Bi. Therefore ammonia has higher boiling and melting points.Ħ. In solid and liquid states, ammonia molecules are associated by intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Ammonia has higher boiling and melting points than expected. Due to the presence of lone pairs on nitrogen atom of ammonia, it can donate electron pair and acts as a Lewis base.ĥ. Nitrogen shows a maximum covalence of +4 because only four orbitals, one s and three p-orbitals are available for bonding in Nitrogen.Īns. What is the maximum covalence shown by N?Īns. (b) Indian saltpetre – Potassium nitrate – KNO 3ģ. (a) Chile saltpetre – Sodium nitrate – NaNO 3 The elements of group 15 are Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P), Arsenic (As), Antimony (Sb) and Bismuth (Bi).Īns.
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